At Long’s first Old Bailey trial, named witnesses including Sir Francis Burdett, the Countess of Buckinghamshire, Mr Prendergast M.P., and Mr Higgs the brewer testified in his favour, and Long’s own 1830 pamphlet Discoveries in the Science and Art of Healing reprinted further testimonials from patients and society figures claiming benefit. This testimonial evidence ran alongside, not instead of, Catherine Cashin’s death from the same treatment in the same year: favourable anecdotes from patients who did not develop a fatal infection did not establish that the liniment worked, only that its harm was not universal. No comparison series, controlled trial, or systematic outcome count was ever produced to weigh the testimonials against the two fatal cases; a coroner’s jury found manslaughter against Long in both, though a criminal jury convicted him only in the Cashin case and acquitted him in the Lloyd case.