Autointoxication and historical precursors of the microbiome-gut-brain axis
secondary literature · 2018
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SUMMARY
Historical review tracing the intestinal-autointoxication theory and its place in the lineage that runs to present-day microbiome-gut-brain research. Used in this case as the secondary source for Kellogg's role popularizing the theory: it identifies his bestselling *Autointoxication or Intestinal Toxemia* (1919) as the vehicle, situates his methods at the Battle Creek Sanitarium, and connects his program to the broader autointoxication enthusiasm shared with Metchnikoff. The article distinguishes the discredited autointoxication framework from current microbiome science. The same review also documents Charles A. Tyrrell's J.B.L. Cascade, naming the appliance for 'Joy, Beauty, Life' and quoting his The Royal Road to Health (1894); it is cited in this archive's Tyrrell case on that basis. Identifiers confirmed against the PubMed record (PMID 30510497) and the Crossref/DOI record (10.1080/16512235.2018.1548249).
NOTES
The Mathias 2018 review in Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease (29(2):1548249) is the secondary source for Kellogg’s place in the history of intestinal autointoxication. It documents that Kellogg popularized the theory through his bestselling 1919 book Autointoxication or Intestinal Toxemia, that he claimed to have treated thousands of patients at the Battle Creek Sanitarium by methods aimed at the colon’s flora, and that his framing of the colon as a ‘seething mass of putrefying food residues’ belongs to the same late-19th- and early-20th-century current as Metchnikoff’s soured-milk program. The review situates the theory as a precursor to, but not a vindication of, modern microbiome-gut-brain research. Identifiers confirmed against the PubMed record (PMID 30510497) and the Crossref record (DOI 10.1080/16512235.2018.1548249).